What are the early signs of pregnancy? The early signs your body gives you

Tahmina Noor

Published: 22/01/2026
Updated: 25/01/2026

Symptoms that may appear in the body at the beginning of pregnancy

The beginning of pregnancy comes very silently. At this time, the body does not tell you anything in a big way, but rather starts giving hints through small changes. Many women are still not sure, but their bodies start changing inside. These changes are called early pregnancy symptoms.

Not all symptoms are the same for all women. Some symptoms come very quickly, while others come slowly. Therefore, it is very important to pay attention to your body at this time.

Feeling very tired for no reason

Have you been feeling tired in the morning even after getting enough sleep at night? Or even after a simple task like climbing stairs or cleaning the house, you feel like you’ve worked like a mountain? This feeling of being tired or exhausted for no reason is what we call ‘feeling tired for no reason’.

Why do you feel tired for no reason?

Fatigue is not always caused by a major illness, but some small mistakes in our lifestyle can also be behind it:

Lack of water in the body: Many times we don’t realize that even if we don’t feel thirsty, there may be a lack of water in the body. Drinking less water slows down blood circulation, resulting in fatigue in the brain and muscles.

Anemia: The main reason for fatigue in our country, especially in women, is lack of iron in the blood. If hemoglobin is low in the blood, sufficient oxygen does not reach the body’s cells, resulting in sleepiness all the time.

Thyroid problems: Thyroid hormones control the energy use of our body. If these hormones are out of balance, the body may feel very tired even without doing any work.

Lack of nutritious food: If you eat only biscuits or fried food all day, the body does not get the necessary calories. Especially due to the lack of vitamins D and B12, the body breaks down.

Excessive mental stress: Anxiety or mental instability tires the brain more than the body. When the mind is depressed, the body also loses its strength.

Irregular sleep: You may be sleeping for 78 hours, but if the sleep time is not right (such as sleeping too late), the body’s biological clock gets messed up and causes fatigue.

Ways to overcome fatigue and become alert

You can try the following changes to refresh yourself again:

1. Increase the amount of water: Drink at least 8-10 glasses of water a day. If you make a habit of drinking a glass of warm water after waking up in the morning, the body will activate faster.

2. Dietary changes: Include iron and protein-rich foods in your diet (e.g. bananas, eggs, dates, vegetables). Try eating fruits instead of relying on caffeine or sugar for quick energy.

3. Light exercise: It may sound strange, but it is true that a little walking or exercise when you feel tired increases blood circulation in the body and reduces fatigue.

4. Digital detox: Put away your phone or laptop at least an hour before bed. Deep sleep is the best medicine for relieving fatigue.

Chest heaviness or pain when touched

Many of us experience problems such as feeling an invisible pressure or heaviness on the chest or pain when touching or pressing a specific area of ​​the chest. Many times we panic, thinking it is a direct heart problem, but there may be many other common causes behind it.

Why does the chest feel heavy or feel painful when touched?

In the language of medical science, this chest discomfort can be divided into several categories. The most common physical and mental reasons behind it are:

Muscle or bone pain: When there is inflammation at the junction of the bones of the rib cage with the cartilage, it feels very painful when touched. Lifting something heavy, twisting suddenly, or coughing hard can also cause tension in the chest muscles.

Gas problems or acidity: When excess gas accumulates in our stomach, it pushes upwards. As a result, the chest feels heavy and it feels like something is stuck in the chest. We often confuse this with ‘heartburn’.

Mental anxiety and panic attacks: If you are very worried or suddenly afraid for some reason, your chest may feel heavy. Sometimes it feels like you are having difficulty breathing and that a stone is pressing on your chest.

Lung problems: If you have bronchitis or lung infection with phlegm in your chest, your chest feels heavy. In this case, you may have a chronic cough along with chest pain.

Possibility of heart disease: If you have a heavy chest, you sweat a lot, the pain spreads to the jaw or left arm, and you feel short of breath, then this may be a sign of a heart problem.

Remedies and things to do

You can take the following steps to reduce this chest discomfort:

1. Rest and ice: If the pain is due to muscle tension, do not do any heavy work for a few days. Applying mild heat or cold to the painful area relaxes the muscles and reduces the pain.

2. Change your eating habits: If the chest heaviness is due to gas, avoid oily and fried foods. Make a habit of eating small, frequent meals instead of eating too much at once, and don’t lie down right after eating.

Mild tightness or discomfort in the lower abdomen

A slight pulling or discomfort in the lower abdomen is a very common thing that can happen to both men and women. However, in women, it is more related to pregnancy or the menstrual cycle. Many times we think of it as a simple stomach ache, but there are specific reasons behind it.

Why do we feel pulling or discomfort in the lower abdomen?

There can be several main reasons behind this kind of feeling in the lower abdomen:

Muscle tension: Lifting something heavy or twisting the body suddenly incorrectly can cause tension in the lower abdominal muscles. We usually call this ‘tension in the veins’.

Early pregnancy: If you are trying to conceive, you may feel a slight pulling or discomfort in the lower abdomen as the embryo settles in the uterus. It is usually not as intense as period pain.

Gas problems or constipation: When gas accumulates in the intestines or the stomach is not clean, the lower abdomen feels heavy and sometimes feels tight. Many times it is felt on one side or below the abdomen.

Urinary tract infection: If you have a urinary tract infection, there is always a feeling of discomfort or heaviness in the lower abdomen. This tension may be felt more especially during or after urination.

Menstruation or ovulation: It is very normal to feel mild tension or pain on one side of the lower abdomen a few days before the start of your period or in the middle of the month when the egg is released.

What you can do to reduce this discomfort

Following some home remedies to reduce lower abdominal tension can help you get relief quickly:

1. Rest: Whenever you feel tension or discomfort, leave everything and lie down on your stomach. Keeping your legs slightly elevated (on a pillow) relaxes the abdominal muscles.

2. Light heat: Apply a warm water bag or hot water bag to the lower abdomen. This works like magic to reduce muscle spasms and increase blood circulation.

3. Drink enough water: If the body is dehydrated, the tendency to tense muscles increases. So drink enough water and coconut water throughout the day.

4. Eat fibrous foods: If you are uncomfortable due to constipation, eat more vegetables and fruits. This keeps the stomach clean and reduces pressure in the lower abdomen.

Sudden irritation by odor

Sudden discomfort or hypersensitivity to smell is a special physical condition. The smell of perfume or food that you used to like before may now make you want to put clothes on your nose or make you feel dizzy. This is often called ‘hyperosmia’ in medical terms.

Why do you suddenly feel uncomfortable with smell?

Our sense of smell is directly linked to the brain. Therefore, any change in the body can affect smell:

Pregnancy: At the very beginning of pregnancy, the sense of smell increases several times due to the increase in hormone levels (especially estrogen). Then, the smell of cooking spices, fish or perfume causes severe nausea and discomfort.

Migraine: Those who have migraine problems find any strong smell unbearable before or during the headache. Even a mild smell can cause them discomfort.

Liver problems: When toxins or toxic substances cannot be removed from the body properly, sometimes there is a reluctance or discomfort in the smell of food.

Sinus or cold: After a long-term sinus or cold, the olfactory nerves often become overly sensitive.

Stress and fatigue: Excessive anxiety or lack of sleep can cause the brain to react very quickly and negatively to external stimuli.

Ways to reduce discomfort or annoyance with smells

If you have a problem with a specific smell, you can adopt the following strategies:

1. Fresh air system: Keep the windows of the room you live in open so that air can circulate. Smells stay in a closed room for a long time, which increases annoyance.

2. Use lemon or ginger: When you feel confused or annoyed by a smell, try drying a piece of fresh lemon or ginger. The refreshing scent of lemon helps calm the brain and reduce nausea.

3. Avoid strong fragrances: Temporarily stop using strong perfumes, air fresheners, or incense sticks. You can choose scent-free products when buying detergents or soaps.

4. Eat food cold: The smell of hot food spreads more in the air. If you have a problem with cooking odors, eating food slightly colder can reduce the smell and reduce discomfort.

Change in food taste

A change in taste means that your favorite foods no longer taste good or you want to eat something you didn’t like before. In many cases, you may even feel a metallic or bitter taste in your mouth. This is a big signal of internal changes in the body.

why does food taste change?

There can be several physical and psychological reasons behind taste changes:

Pregnancy hormones: At the beginning of pregnancy, the hormone ‘estrogen’ increases in the body. As a result, many people have a strong desire to eat sour foods or feel nauseous at the smell of their favorite fish and meat. We call this ‘food aversion’.

Nutritional deficiency (zinc and B-12): If there is a lack of zinc or vitamin B-12 in the body, the taste buds do not work properly. This can make food taste bitter or tasteless.

Acidity and digestive problems: If you have flatulence or heartburn, a white coating forms on the tongue, which prevents the real taste of food from being available and reduces the taste.

Drug effects: If you have recently taken any antibiotics or strong medicines, the chemical effects of the medicine may cause a metallic or bitter taste in your mouth for a few days.

Stress and depression: If you are upset or worried for a long time, the brain reduces the desire to eat. Then even the most delicious food does not taste good in your mouth.

Home remedies to restore taste

You can try the following ways to restore taste in your mouth and eat regularly:

1. Eat small amounts frequently: Eating a lot of food at once can further reduce your taste. So instead of eating a lot at once, eat something nutritious in small amounts every 2-3 hours.

2. Changing the taste of your mouth: To get rid of the bitter feeling, you can try mildly sour foods such as lemon water, tamarind pickle or amla. This helps to increase taste by activating the salivary glands.

3. Cold or room temperature foods: The smell of hot food often reduces taste. So eating food a little colder makes it taste better.

Sudden change in mood

Sudden changes in mood, or what we call ‘mood swings’ in English, are an integral part of many of our lives. You may be very happy one moment, and then the next moment you feel sad or irritable for no reason.

Why do moods change suddenly?

Some chemical and environmental factors are mainly responsible for our moods:

Hormonal changes: Especially in women, at the beginning of pregnancy, before the menstrual cycle or during menopause, there is a huge fluctuation in the hormones estrogen and progesterone in the body. This directly affects the part of the brain that controls our emotions.

Lack of adequate sleep: If you do not sleep properly for several days in a row, your brain becomes tired. Then you may get very angry or cry even over very small things.

Excessive stress: When work pressure, family problems or thoughts of the future weigh on our heads, our patience decreases. As a result, it is very natural to have sudden mood swings.

Low blood sugar: Not eating for a long time can cause low blood sugar, which can lead to dizziness and irritability. This is called ‘Hangry’ in English.

Vitamin deficiency: Vitamin B12 or vitamin D deficiency can have a negative effect on our mind, which can lead to depression or restlessness.

Ways to keep or control your mind good

Discover more here: Very Early Signs of Pregnancy 2 Weeks

Although mood swings cannot be completely stopped, there are some strategies that can help control them:

1. Acknowledge your feelings: When you feel like you’re in a bad mood, tell yourself, “I’m feeling sad right now and it’s temporary.” Don’t force yourself, take a moment to take a break.

2. Breathe deeply: If you suddenly get angry or cry, close your eyes, take 10 long breaths and exhale slowly. This will calm your nerves and reduce immediate restlessness.

3. Talk to your loved ones: Share everything with someone you trust without keeping it all in your mind. Sometimes just talking can lighten the load on your mind by half.

4. Taking care of your body: Eating nutritious food on time and sleeping at least 7-8 hours is the best way to reduce mood swings. It is also better to avoid caffeine or excessive tea and coffee.

Feeling dizzy or weak

Dizziness or sudden loss of body weight is a problem that stops our daily work. Many times, when we suddenly stand up from sitting, the surroundings appear dark or our head feels dizzy. This can be a symptom of a disease or it can also be a symptom of a general deficiency in the body.

Why do we feel dizzy or weak?

These problems occur when the body’s energy balance is disrupted. The main reasons for this are:

Low blood pressure: When we suddenly stand up from sitting, our blood pressure can temporarily drop, causing dizziness. In medical science, this is called ‘orthostatic hypotension’.

Low blood sugar: If we don’t eat for a long time or if the sugar in the body decreases, the brain does not get enough energy. This can cause the body to tremble and cause extreme weakness.

Dehydration or lack of water: When the amount of water in the body decreases, the blood density increases and blood circulation slows down. As a result, dizziness and fatigue are very common.

Anemia: When there is a lack of iron in the body, hemoglobin decreases. This results in less oxygen reaching the brain and cells, which makes you feel weak all the time and causes dizziness.

Pregnancy: At the beginning of pregnancy, the blood vessels in the body dilate and hormonal changes occur. As a result, many expectant mothers may feel dizzy or light-headed.

Ear problems: The inner ear is a part of our body that maintains balance. If there is an infection or problem there, severe dizziness occurs.

Ways to reduce dizziness and weakness

You can take the following steps to get immediate relief and a long-term solution:

1. Move slowly: When getting up from a lying or sitting position, get up slowly and do not rush. Sit for a few seconds before standing.

2. Salt-sugar syrup or ORS: If you feel weak, drink a glass of saline or lemon-salt sugar syrup. This helps to balance the electrolyte balance in the body and normalize blood pressure.

3. Nutritious small meals: Do not go without eating for a long time. Eat energy-rich foods like bananas, dates, or nuts at short intervals to keep your blood sugar levels stable.

Light spotting or change in discharge

Light spotting and changes in vaginal discharge are very normal during early pregnancy or before and after your period. When your body goes through a new physical change (such as pregnancy or your menstrual cycle), this discharge is the first sign of it.

1. Light Spotting

Spotting basically refers to a few drops of blood on your underwear. It is not a period-like flow.

Implantation Bleeding: Very light bleeding may occur in the very beginning of pregnancy when the embryo implants itself in the uterine wall. It is usually pink or dark brown in color.

Hormonal Effects: Fluctuations in estrogen or progesterone levels can also cause spotting in the middle of the month or just before your period.

Cervical Sensitivity: During pregnancy, blood flow to the cervix increases, so it is not uncommon to have light spotting after heavy work or sexual intercourse.

2. Changes in Discharge

During early pregnancy or due to hormonal changes, the type or amount of discharge changes a lot:

Increased amount: In early pregnancy, the body produces more discharge to protect the uterus and prevent infection. This is called ‘leucorrhoea’ in medical terms.

Color and thickness: This normal discharge is usually white or clear like thin milk and has very little or no odor.

Slippery: During ovulation, this discharge becomes slippery and transparent like raw egg white.

When is this change not normal?

If the discharge or spotting is accompanied by the following symptoms, it is important to understand that there is an infection or problem:

1. Color change: If the discharge is yellowish, greenish or gray in color. 2. Strong odor: If the discharge smells fishy or rotten. 3. Itching and burning: If there is itching around the vagina or burning during urination. 4. Thick, curd-like discharge: If the discharge is thick and white, like cottage cheese or yogurt (this is usually a sign of a yeast infection). 5. Bright red blood: If the spotting is bright red instead of brown and is accompanied by pain.

conclusion

Starting from spotting in early pregnancy to fatigue, mood swings or changes in food taste, each of these symptoms is a signal of a huge process happening inside your body. Although these changes may seem uncomfortable at times, in most cases they indicate a healthy and beautiful future.

In the context of the entire discussion, it is important for you to remember the following points:

Give your body time: Pregnancy or hormonal changes are not an illness, but a special stage of life. So, give yourself enough time when your body wants to rest.

Caution is protection: Although symptoms like spotting or discharge are normal, keep an eye on their color, pattern and smell. If you feel anything unusual, do not hesitate to seek expert advice.

Related Articles

abusive head trauma in children

The essential points to know about abusive head trauma in children along with its prevention and management

Abusive head trauma is importantly a serious form of abuse and it can happen at any time in the family.It also remains as the potential one to cause severe together with life threatening injury to the child.Abnormal and violent shaking with forceful strikes of the child can raise certain health issues to the child as they remain prone not to tolerate such incidents.

As the neck musculature is weak in comparison with large head size may make them more susceptible to acquire head trauma.That is why it is very essential for you to know the causes,risk factors,warning signs and some effective preventive measures in order to tackle such incidents.That’s why it is mandatory for us to ensure a safe environment for the guardians and care givers of the child.

In this article,we try to cover all the important aspects of abusive head trauma that help make you knowledgeable about the causes,risk factors and preventive measures of abusive head trauma in children.

What is the usual understanding of an abusive head trauma to your child?

Abusive head trauma refers to head, neck or brain injury that happens when someone shakes or hits a baby on their own purpose and it can easily hurt a baby. It only takes 1 or 2 hard shakes to seriously hurt a baby’s brain that result in development of shaken baby syndrome,a type of abusive head trauma.

Babies have large and heavy heads in comparison with their bodies, and their necks remain vulnerable to getting injured easily.They can’t have the full control over their head movement as easily as older children or adults do.If you shake a baby,it can vigorously move their head backward and forward in a very quick succession.

This action can shake the baby’s brain and can be very dangerous simultaneously.Rough play like tossing your baby in the air or onto a soft bed are  just as dangerous as you throwing them in air with anger or frustration.No parent or other caregiver should ever shake a baby in order to ensure their brain’s safety or to prevent any abusive head trauma in children.

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What things escalate the occurrence of abusive head trauma 

Various risk factors for AHT have been identified by experts that corelates with peculiarities of the child, the caregiver as well as the broader social environment.Though it is very challenging to understand these variables in order to guide the prevention, screening, and early intervention efforts of the abusive head trauma in children.

Child-related risk factors include the following:

  • Persistent crying is difficult to soothe and it is more prominent in children who are 6 to 8 weeks of age.
  • Infantile colic which means frequent episodes of prolonged crying without medical cause.
  • Delayed growth along with poor learning and abnormal movement. 
  • Ongoing health issues requiring medical attention.
  • History of prematurity or low birth weight
  • Multiple births like tweens,triplets births.
  • Unplanned pregnancy together with social and emotional difficulties.

The general contribution of Caregiver and family characteristics augment AHT risk

Caregiver and family-related factors may also augment the risk of happening of abusive head trauma in children who are still very young.These comprise young parents with limited social support, low socioeconomic status, low self-confidence, limited education, or lack of prenatal care with additional risks that may arise from limited childcare experience, difficulty managing stress or frustration.

Mental health challenges, substance use, single-caregiver situations, or previous involvement with child protective services also assist in the happening of abusive head trauma. Certain community-level factors that have the close association for further increased vulnerability are:

  • Social isolation with restrictive access to amusing spaces.
  • Poverty along with Unemployment. 
  • Exposure to domestic violence that comprise partner violence
  • Lack of adequate community support services. 

Incidence rate of abusive trauma to the child

The accurate proven rate of determination of abusive head trauma in children remains challenging and this is due to the absence of a centralized reporting system.It also accumulates the variability of clinical presentations.That is why there is frequent underrecognition of abuse in the family. Abusive head trauma often results from uninterrupted maltreatment rather than it generally having the association of a single acute event. 

In the United States (US), the approximate evidence based incidence of acute head trauma in children who are younger than 1 year generally calculates from 25 to 35 per 100,000 in each year.Abusive head trauma (AHT) is the most common cause of fatal physical abuse in children and the infants are the most vulnerable group who account for the majority of related deaths.

Age Variation who possess acute head trauma

The incidence of abusive head trauma in children actually has a peak age between 6 and 8 weeks and it lines up with the period of excessive infant crying, namely “purple crying period.” The report of mortality rates due to abusive head trauma in families ranges from 10% to 20% and it has a significant drop rate after 1 year of age.Thereby it makes the overall count approximately 3.8 per 100,000 annually.

Geographical distinction of abusive head trauma

Geographic distinction of abusive head trauma in children has been perceived within the entire US.The experts counted the highest incidence based on evidence in the Midwest and the lowest in the Northeast of the country. There is no clear or conclusive explanation that has been notified for these regional variations across the country. 

Sentinel Injuries of the child to cause abusive head trauma

Sentinel injuries frequently antecede a formal diagnosis of child ill-treatment.Consequently it almost counts nearly 25% of children who are later diagnosed with abuse present with previously unacknowledged injuries.Among the findings,bruising and intraoral trauma are the  common ones and it is more particularly in children younger than 3 years of age.As many as 20% of these cases may go unrecognized during initial medical evaluations.  

Variation in Clinical Practice

Clinical practice variation further has the effects on diagnosis of abusive head trauma in children and this is due to biases on caregiver demographics and socioeconomic status.Moreover ethnicity may also affect assessment verdicts.Standardized screening protocols can enhance the identification of abusive head trauma (AHT) and thereby help ensure more consistent evaluation and treatment when ultimately reduce variations and disparities in patient care. 

How abusive head trauma affects a child’s brain and bodily systems 

The factors like biomechanical forces are closely involved in AHT typically include combinations of rotational along with translational, and impact forces. These injury processes may be the outcome of violent shaking, blunt impact, or both simultaneously. Experimental studies comprising computational models, human surrogates together with animal research, and postmortem analyses have emerged the concept of how such forces injure your child’s brain. 

Infants are particularly more susceptible due to close associations of several anatomical and physiological features that favours the occurrence of head trauma.Thereby this also includes a relatively large head-to-body ratio, immature neck musculature,excessive ligamentous laxity, partially ossified skull, and higher intracranial fluid content. These characteristics help amplify the impacts of acceleration-deceleration and rotational forces and thus end up with increasing the risk for diffuse brain injury as well as making them prone to get abusive head trauma in children.

Possible outcomes of abusive head trauma to the child 

Constant shaking can cause the head and neck to move rapidly back and forth which thereby can help stretch and damage your child’s brain blood vessels.After that this may lead to bleeding such as subdural hematoma, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and brain swelling inside your baby’s skull. As pressure inside the skull increases, blood flow to the brain may fall than normal level and also cause injury. Similar to traumatic brain injury, diffuse axonal damage can also affect a baby’s brain function and result in fluctuation in coordination. Direct impact may also cause fractures or concussions. 

Why does abusive head trauma happen?

Many parents and caregivers experience exhaustion and frustration and there may be at times, you might have a temptation to shake your crying baby in order to stop them to cry.It’s important to remember or keep in mind that vigorous shaking can cause serious brain issues and causes abusive head trauma in children.In order to avoid these episodes of exhaustions,you can try try these tips.

  • Place the baby safely: Set them in their cot or crib.
  • Step away: Move out of hearing range for a short break.
  • Collect yourself: Take deep breaths to regain your calm.
  • Phone a friend: Call someone you trust for immediate support.

What are the best ways to comfort your baby who is crying non-stop? 

There are a few things you can try if there is no end in sight of your baby’s crying.

First,you need to check if the crying is due to something straightforward conditions.For instance:

  • Does their tummy need to fill up?
  • Are they uncomfortable because they need a change?
  • Are they feeling a bit under the uncomfortable weather or flushed?
  • Are there any painful gums that make them fussy?
  • Do they struggle to settle down because of exhaustion?

Some important tips to calm down your baby

If there is no clear cause of their continuous crying,then you can try these tricks that can help calm your baby.These are: 

  • Give them a warm hug.
  • Gently rub their back or tummy.
  • Push them back and forth in the stroller.
  • Softly sing a lullaby or talk to them while cradling them.

How can you ensure if your baby has got hurt by abusive head trauma?

It can be very hard to know or tell confidently that a baby has a head injury and it is due to abusive head trauma in children.Some important signs may indicate if there any kind of abusive head trauma or not.These comprise:

  • The baby may feel drowsiness than normal.
  • The baby may experience tremors sometimes with some episodes of vomitings.
  • There is also difficulty in breathing or facing problems in feeding.
  • The kin of the baby may be pale or blue coloured.

The injury can be life-threatening as well as there is risk of getting permanent brain damage.If you think a baby has been shaken vigorously with unsafe manners,you need to seek medical attention from the nearest emergency department as soon as possible.

What actually happens if you shake your baby?

It would be very fortunate for your babies if they experience several rough shakes or any kind of abusive head trauma in children that can make your baby’s brain and meninges hit the hard bone inside their skull.It then causes blood loss from the brain and it is likely due to continuous injury to the brain against the skull bone.

Shaken babies can have brain-related problems that comprise blindness,deafness,several seizures along with facing difficulty to eat or swallow something.Moreover they face leaning,behavioural together with space difficulties.

The Bottom Line

Abusive head trauma in children is actually a preventable but a very critical condition which can eventually mark lifelong health impacts on the child and thereby hamper their normal development.If the parent and care givers become able to recognise the causes,risk factors,early features,they can then be able to protect the vulnerable children as they handle the situation cautiously.

When we ensure a caring and secure environment, we can help assure every child receives the protection and care they fully deserve.Thus proper support along with safe caregiving practice ultimately bring goods to the family and also ensure your child does not get the abusive head trauma. 

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